Two floors of exhibits spanning 1861-1865, include a world-renowned collection of original artifacts relating to medical care in the Civil War; surgical instruments used by Union and Confederate medical staff; stretchers and litters; prosthetic devices; dental tools; a table used for amputations at a field hospital during the battle of Cedar Creek; a Union Army hospital flag; and the only known surviving surgeon's tent from the Civil War.
Interactive educational programs, special exhibits, seminars and lectures on Civil War medicine are also offered. The Museum Discovery Store is filled with over 250 books connected to Civil War medicine plus logo and gift items. The National Museum of Civil War Medicine also operates the Pry House Field Hospital Museum, located on the Antietam National Battlefield (18906 Shepherdstown Pike, MD Route 34, Sharpsburg, MD).